Oil pan introduction
Function: It is to close the crankcase as the shell of the oil storage tank, prevent impurities from entering, and collect and store the lubricating oil flowing back from the friction surface of the diesel engine, dissipate some heat, and prevent the oxidation of lubricating oil.
Structure: The oil pan is made of thin steel plate stamping, and the interior is equipped with an oil stabilizer baffle to avoid the shock splash on the right side caused by the diesel engine turbulence, which is conducive to the precipitation of lubricating oil impurities, and the side is equipped with an oil ruler to check the amount of oil. In addition, the lowest part of the bottom of the oil pan is also equipped with an oil drain plug.
Wet sump: Most of the cars on the market are wet oil sump, the reason why it is named wet oil sump is because the crankshaft crank and connecting rod head of the engine will be immersed in the lubricating oil of the oil sump once every rotation of the crankshaft, playing a lubricating role, and because of the high-speed operation of the crankshaft, each time the crank is immersed in the oil pool at high speed, it will stir up certain oil flowers and oil mist. Lubrication of the crankshaft and bearing is called splash lubrication. In this way, the liquid level height of the lubricating oil in the oil pan has certain requirements, if too low, the crankshaft crank and connecting rod head can not be immersed in the lubricating oil, resulting in a lack of lubrication and smooth crankshaft and connecting rod and bearing shell; If the lubricating oil level is too high, it will lead to the entire bearing immersion, so that the crankshaft rotation resistance increases, and ultimately lead to the engine performance decline, while the lubricating oil is easy to enter the cylinder combustion chamber, resulting in engine oil burning, spark plug carbon accumulation and other problems.
This lubrication method is simple in structure and does not require another fuel tank, but the tilt of the vehicle can not be too large, otherwise it will cause a burning cylinder accident due to oil break and oil leakage.
Dry sump: Dry sump is used in many racing engines. It does not store oil in the oil pan, or more precisely, there is no oil pan. These moving friction surfaces in the crankcase are lubricated by pressing out oil through a metering hole. Because the dry oil pan engine cancelling the function of the oil pan to store oil, the height of the crude oil pan is greatly reduced, the height of the engine is also reduced, and the benefit of the lower center of gravity is conducive to control. The main advantage is to avoid the occurrence of wet oil pan those due to intense driving and all kinds of adverse phenomena.
However, because the pressure of the lubricating oil is all from the oil pump. The power of the oil pump is connected by the gear through the rotation of the crankshaft. Although in the wet sump engine although the oil pump is also required to provide pressure lubrication for the camshaft. But this pressure is very small, and the oil pump requires very little power. However, in dry oil pan engines, the strength of this pressure lubrication needs to be much greater. And the size of the oil pump is much larger than that of the wet oil pan engine. So this time the oil pump needs more power. This is like a supercharged engine, the oil pump needs to consume part of the power of the engine. Especially at high speed, the engine speed increases, the motion intensity of the friction parts increases, and the lubricating oil is also required, so the oil pump needs to provide greater pressure, and the consumption of crankshaft power is intensified.
Obviously, such a design is not suitable for ordinary civilian vehicle engines, because it needs to lose part of the engine's power, which will not only affect the power output, but also is not conducive to improving the economy. Dry sumps are therefore only available on high-displacement or high-power engines, such as those built for intense driving. For example, Lamborghini is the use of dry oil pan design, for it, increase the limit of the lubrication effect and obtain a lower center of gravity is more important, and the loss of power can be made up by increasing the displacement and other aspects, as for the economy, is this model does not need to consider.
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