What is the car washing tank body and motor assembly?
The car washing tank body and motor assembly are the core components of the car windshield washing system. They are usually integrated together to store windshield washer fluid and provide the pumping power.
Main Components and Functions
Washing Tank (Storage Tank): It is used to store windshield washer fluid (glass water). It is generally made of chemically resistant plastic and has a capacity of 1.5 to 2 liters. Some models or special-purpose vehicles may have a capacity of 5.1 liters.
Motor Assembly (Washing Pump): It is usually a miniature permanent magnet centrifugal pump driven by an electric motor. It is installed at the bottom or side of the tank and is responsible for pressurizing the glass water and pumping it to the nozzle.
Brief Description of Working Principle
When the driver presses the water spraying switch on the control lever, the motor starts and the pump works.
The glass water is drawn out from the tank through the spray pipe and sent to the nozzle.
The nozzle sprays the water in a mist or fan-like pattern onto the front windshield (or headlights).
The windshield wiper cooperates to complete the cleaning.
Structural Characteristics
Integrated Design: The tank body and motor are often installed as a single module (i.e., "assembly") for easy maintenance and replacement.
Material and Performance: The tank body is mostly made of corrosion-resistant materials such as polyethylene (e.g., polypropylene PP). The motor has characteristics such as explosion-proof, resistance to high and low temperatures (-25°C to 80°C), high pressure resistance (≥190 kPa), and long life (≥25,000 times).
Installation Position: It is usually located in the engine compartment, near the front fender or side panel. Some new energy models optimize the layout to save space.
Common Products in the Market
Special Assembly: Customized for models such as Changan Star, Wuling, Chevrolet Lechi, etc., compatible with original factory interfaces.
Brand Manufacturers: Companies like Wenling Daifa Micro Motor Co., Ltd., Ruian Yuexiu Automobile Accessories Factory, etc., provide OEM supporting products.
Core Functions
Storage of Glass Water: The washing tank serves as a container, typically with a capacity of 1.5–5 liters, made of chemically resistant plastic (such as polypropylene PP), for storing windshield washer fluid.
Power Supply and Transmission: The motor assembly (usually a miniature permanent magnet DC motor-driven centrifugal pump) pumps the glass water out of the tank, pressurizes it to 70–88 kPa (approximately 0.7–0.9 bar), and transports it through the pipe to the nozzle.
Coordinated Cleaning: After the driver presses the water spraying switch, the system responds quickly. The glass water is atomized and sprayed onto the glass surface, and the windshield wiper starts in 0.5 seconds, achieving efficient cleaning.
Assembly Structure
Washing Tank: Stores windshield water. Some models are equipped with liquid level sensors or airtightness detection modules.
Motor Assembly: Integrates a miniature motor and a pump. It is usually installed in the tank and has a wide temperature working range of -30°C to 80°C, with a lifespan of 100,000 times of water spraying.
Application Expansion
Some high-end models use this system for headlight cleaning, improving the clarity of lighting in night or bad weather .
Intelligent Upgrades Include Rainfall Sensing Automatic Spraying, Nozzle Angle Adjustment, Anti-freezing Heating, and other functions .
In summary, although this assembly is small in size, it plays a crucial role in driving safety. Regular checks on the glass water level, use of qualified cleaning fluid, and attention to winter anti-freezing are necessary to avoid component cracking or nozzle blockage .
If the washing tank body and motor assembly (also known as the washing pump assembly or glass water spray motor assembly) is damaged, it will prevent the glass water from being sprayed normally, affecting the safety of the driving view. Based on the current public information and maintenance practices, the following are handling suggestions:
Fault Diagnosis and Confirmation
Symptom Manifestations: After pressing the washing button, there is no water spraying, weak water spraying, no working sound from the motor, or a burnt smell, etc.
Preliminary Inspection Steps:
Confirm whether the water level in the glass water tank is normal;
Check if the nozzle is blocked (can be cleared with a fine needle);
Check if the pipeline is cracked or detached;
Listen for the motor to have a working sound when the power is on;
Use a multimeter to measure the voltage between the motor terminals to determine if the power supply is normal.
If it is confirmed that the motor is internally damaged (such as short-circuit of the armature coil, wear of the brush, or jamming of the bearing, etc.), usually it cannot be repaired and a complete replacement is required.
Replacement Suggestions
Replacement Object: Generally, it is recommended to replace the entire washing tank body and the motor assembly, because:
The motor and the water tank are often integrated in a design;
Replacing the motor alone is difficult and has poor compatibility;
The aging of the water tank may also lead to subsequent leakage.
Installation Location: The location varies for different models, commonly found on the right side of the engine compartment or the inner side behind the front wheels, and for some models, the front bumper or the inner lining of the wheel cover may need to be removed. Notes for Attention
Before replacement, make sure to disconnect the negative terminal of the battery to prevent short circuit;
After installation, add windshield washer fluid and test the water spraying function to check for any leakage;
In winter, use antifreeze type windshield washer fluid to avoid freezing and damaging the new assembly.
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