What is a car airbag hairspring
The airbag hairspring is used to connect the main airbag (the one on the steering wheel) to the airbag wiring harness. In fact, it is just a section of the wiring harness. Its function is that in the event of a car collision, the airbag system is very effective in protecting the safety of the driver and passengers.
When a car is involved in a collision, the airbag system is very effective in protecting the safety of the driver and passengers.
The airbag system is generally a single airbag system for the steering wheel or a dual airbag system. Vehicles equipped with dual airbags and seat belt pretensioners will have both airbags and seat belt pretensioners act simultaneously when a collision occurs, regardless of the speed. This results in the waste of airbags during low-speed collisions and significantly increases maintenance costs.
The dual-action airbag system can automatically choose whether to use only the seat belt tensioner or both the seat belt tensioner and the dual airbags to work simultaneously when a car is involved in a collision, based on the car's speed and acceleration. In this way, when a low-speed collision occurs, the system only uses seat belts to provide sufficient protection for the safety of the driver and passengers, without wasting airbags. When a collision occurs at a speed greater than 30km/h, both the seat belt and the airbag will act simultaneously to protect the safety of the driver and passengers.
When a car is involved in a frontal collision, the airbag control system detects the impact force
When the deceleration exceeds the set value, the airbag computer immediately connects the electrical explosion tube circuit in the inflation element, ignites the ignition medium inside the electrical explosion tube, and the flame ignites the ignition powder and gas generator, generating a large amount of gas at 0. Within 3 seconds, the airbag is inflated, causing it to expand rapidly, break through the decorative cover plate on the steering wheel and bulge towards the driver and occupants, pressing their heads and chests against the gas-filled airbag to cushion the impact on them. Then, the gas in the airbag is released.
Airbags can evenly distribute the impact force over the head and chest, preventing the vulnerable passenger's body from directly colliding with the vehicle body and significantly reducing the possibility of injury. Airbags can indeed effectively protect passengers in the event of a frontal impact. Even if seat belts are not fastened, anti-collision airbags are still sufficient to effectively reduce injuries. According to statistics, when a vehicle equipped with airbags is involved in a frontal collision, the degree of passenger injury can be reduced by up to 64%, and even 80% of the passengers are not wearing seat belts. As for collisions from the side and rear seats, they still rely on the function of the seat belts.
In addition, the volume of the airbag when it bursts is approximately only 130 decibels, which is within the range that the human body can tolerate. 78% of the gas in the airbag is nitrogen, which is very stable and non-toxic, and harmless to the human body. The powder that bursts out is a lubricating powder that keeps the airbag from sticking together when folded and is harmless to the human body.
Everything is a double-edged sword, and airbags also have their unsafe side. It is calculated that if a car is traveling at a speed of 60 kilometers per hour, a sudden impact will cause the vehicle to stop within 0.2 seconds, and the airbag will deploy at a speed of approximately 300 kilometers per hour. The resulting impact force is about 180 kilograms, which is difficult for the more vulnerable parts of the human body such as the head and neck to bear. Therefore, if the Angle and force of the airbag's deployment are slightly off, it may lead to a "tragedy".
During the vehicle's operation, three sensors continuously input information about speed changes into the electronic controller. The electronic controller constantly calculates, analyzes, compares and judges, and is always ready to issue instructions. When the vehicle speed is less than 30km/h and a collision occurs, the front sensor and the safety sensor connected in series simultaneously input the collision signal to the electronic controller and issue the command to detonate the electric detonator of the seat belt pretensioner. However, the signal sent by the central sensor cannot enable the electronic controller to issue the command to detonate the electric detonator of the airbag. Therefore, during a low-speed (with a small deceleration) collision, as long as the pre-tensioner pulls the seat belt backward, it is sufficient to protect the driver and passengers from crashing forward.
When a high-speed (with significant deceleration) impact occurs, both the front sensor and the central sensor simultaneously input impact signals to the electronic controller. After a quick judgment, the electronic controller issues an instruction to simultaneously detonate the electric detonators of the left and right pretensioners and the dual airbags. While the seat belt is tightened backward, the two airbags deploy simultaneously, absorbing the impact energy generated by the large deceleration of the driver and passengers, effectively protecting their safety.
When a car collides with a fixed object in front, the faster the car is traveling, the greater the deceleration will be, and the greater the force received by the sensor will be. If the pre-set forces of the front sensor and the central sensor are divided into upper and lower limits, that is, the pre-set impact speed of the front sensor is less than the lower limit value of 30km/h, and the corresponding preset value of the safety sensor is also the lower limit value, then when the vehicle undergoes a low-speed impact, the electronic controller will only trigger the seat belt tensioner. If the preset value of the central sensor is the upper limit, when the car collides at high speed, the front sensor, the central sensor and the safety sensor simultaneously output the collision signal to the electronic controller. The electronic controller then detonates all the electric detonators, causing the seat belts to tighten and the airbags to deploy.
It takes approximately 10ms from the occurrence of the collision, the signal sent by the sensor to the controller's determination to detonate the electric detonator. After detonation, the gas generator produced a large amount of nitrogen, which rapidly inflated the airbag. From the occurrence of a collision to the formation of the airbag and then to the tightening of the seat belt, the entire process takes 30 to 35 milliseconds. Therefore, the protective effect of the airbag system is very good.
When the airbag detonates, a large amount of gas rushes into the airbag, increasing its pressure, which is not conducive to absorbing the impact energy. Therefore, there are two gas discharge holes at the back of the airbag to relieve the pressure, which is beneficial for protecting the safety of the driver and passengers.
As an auxiliary configuration for passive safety of vehicle bodies, it is increasingly attracting people's attention. When a car collides with an obstacle, it is called the first collision. When a passenger collides with an internal component, it is called the second collision. The airbag quickly opens a gas-filled cushion after the first collision and before the second collision, causing the passenger to "land on the cushion" due to inertia when moving, thereby mitigating the impact on the passenger and absorbing the collision energy, reducing the degree of injury to the passenger.
Airbags have developed rapidly, with their prices dropping significantly. Cars equipped with airbags have also evolved from mid-to-high-end sedans to mid-to-low-end ones. Meanwhile, some cars are equipped with passenger airbags (i.e., dual airbag specifications) in the front seats. The passenger airbags are similar to those used by drivers, except that they are larger in size and require more gas. Since the 1990s, the safety performance of airbags has been widely accepted by people and is regarded as a modern and high-end safety device. Understanding the working principle and precautions of airbags plays a very important role in better protecting ourselves. However, for drivers, safe driving comes first, which no advanced safety device can replace.
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