The function of the car hood
The car hood, also known as the engine cover or engine bonnet, is an important component at the front of the vehicle that covers the engine compartment. Its function is far more than just covering; it integrates multiple key functions.
Protecting the engine and internal components: As a physical barrier, the hood can effectively prevent foreign objects such as flying stones, mud, rain, ice, and leaves from entering the engine compartment during driving, preventing delicate electronic components, wiring, oil lines, and pipes from being corroded, short-circuited, or mechanically damaged, thereby extending the lifespan of key components.
Heat insulation and paint surface protection: When the engine is working, it generates a large amount of heat. The inner side of the hood usually has insulation cotton or insulation pads, which can block about 60% of the radiant heat, preventing the hot air from directly drying out the paint surface of the hood, and delaying the aging, color change, or cracking of the paint surface. At the same time, this can also reduce the overall temperature in the engine compartment, slowing down the aging of rubber pipes and seals.
Sound insulation and noise reduction: The inner layer of the hood's absorbent material can absorb some of the mechanical noise and intake noise generated by the engine, reducing the transmission of noise to the driver's cabin. According to tests, effective sound insulation design can reduce interior noise by 3-5 decibels, significantly improving driving comfort.
Aerodynamic optimization: The streamlined shape of the hood can guide the airflow over the vehicle's front more smoothly, reducing air resistance. Although the individual impact is limited, when combined with the overall vehicle design, it can reduce the drag coefficient by about 5%-8%, helping to lower fuel consumption at high speeds.
Enhancing appearance and tidiness: The hood is an important part of the vehicle's exterior design, and its shape is coordinated with the body style, directly influencing the visual appeal of the entire vehicle. At the same time, it can hide the messy pipelines and components in the engine compartment, making the engine compartment look cleaner and more refined, enhancing the vehicle's quality.
Safety protection: In the event of a collision, the hood can act as a buffer structure, reducing the direct impact of external forces on the engine itself. Some high-end models are equipped with an "elevating engine hood", which will trigger the hood to rise through sensors when detecting a collision with a pedestrian, creating a buffer space to reduce the direct impact of the pedestrian's head on the engine and other hard components, which is an important pedestrian protection design.
Auxiliary driving functions: The surface of some vehicle hoods may integrate radars or sensors to support advanced driving assistance systems such as automatic parking and adaptive cruise control, improving driving convenience and safety.
Preventing accidents and flame spread: The engine is in a high-temperature, high-pressure, and flammable environment. The hood can, to a certain extent, prevent air from entering, slowing down the speed of flame spread caused by overheating or component damage, providing a certain fire-retardant protection function.
The two black dots on the car engine hood are usually the spray water holes for the windshield wipers, used to spray water onto the windshield.
These spray water holes are located at the front end of the engine hood, close to the windshield, and are connected to the windshield wiper system. When the driver activates the windshield wipers, the water will be sprayed through these small holes onto the windshield, cooperating with the wiper action to remove dust, stains, or rainwater, ensuring clear driving vision.
It should be noted that there may be other protrusions or line designs on the engine hood, and their functions are different:
Air guide ribs: Commonly seen raised lines on the engine hood, mainly used to optimize airflow during high-speed driving, reducing resistance and turbulence, improving stability, and increasing the rigidity of the hood.
Sealing strips: Some vehicle hoods have black rubber strips at the edges, used for sealing to prevent dust and water.
Therefore, if the "black dots" referred to by the user are the two small holes near the windshield on the front end of the engine hood, their function is the windshield wiper spray water holes. If referring to protrusions at other positions, they may involve aerodynamic or structural design functions.
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