The Function and Working Principle of the Carbon Canister
The carbon canister is usually placed between the fuel tank and the engine. Since gasoline is a volatile liquid, the fuel tank is often filled with vapor at room temperature. The function of the fuel vapor emission control system is to introduce the vapor into the combustion process and prevent it from escaping into the atmosphere. The active carbon canister storage device plays a crucial role in this process.
When accelerating the car by stepping on the accelerator pedal, the smell of gasoline inside the vehicle is relatively strong.
If there is a fault where the car emits a strong smell of gasoline when accelerating while stepping on the accelerator pedal, one should pay special attention to whether the pipes in the carbon canister system are damaged. The gasoline vapor will directly escape into the atmosphere through the damaged area, causing a strong smell of gasoline inside the vehicle. If at this time the pipes leak fuel, the air instead of the gasoline vapor will enter the engine intake, which will inevitably cause the mixture in the engine to be too thin, resulting in intermittent stalling of the car.
The engine's idle speed fluctuates frequently and lacks acceleration power.
If after the engine starts, the idle speed fluctuates regularly and the car lacks acceleration power, one should pay attention to whether it is caused by the blockage of the air inlet and filter screen of the carbon canister. Because at this time, it is difficult for outside air to enter the carbon canister, and there is a lack of fresh air inside the canister. During idle, under the vacuum suction of the intake, the gasoline vapor adsorbed in the active carbon canister is sucked into the intake manifold, causing the oxygen sensor to detect the mixture as too rich, so the engine control unit reduces the fuel injector volume. At this time, the concentration of the combustible mixture decreases, causing the idle speed to decrease. Then, due to the reduction in fuel injection volume, the oxygen sensor detects that the mixture is too lean in the next cycle, so the computer increases the fuel injection volume, causing the idle speed to rise again. Thus, a regular fluctuation in the idle speed occurs. Therefore, when this situation occurs, the driver should promptly check whether the intake inlet of the carbon canister is unobstructed.
The engine stutters or is difficult to start.
At this time, one should pay attention to checking the carbon canister electromagnetic valve that may cause the problem. If the electromagnetic valve is always closed, then the gasoline vapor in the carbon canister will accumulate more and more, eventually filling the entire carbon canister. The remaining gasoline vapor can only escape into the atmosphere. This will pollute the environment and waste fuel. Conversely, if the electromagnetic valve is always open, the mixture in the engine intake will always be rich, while the engine control unit, due to not controlling the operation of the carbon canister electromagnetic valve at this time, will not issue a command to reduce the fuel injection volume. This will cause the mixture to be too rich during warm-up, resulting in engine stalling and difficulty in starting after the engine has staled.
The fuel should not be added too full or too quickly.
The second point that car owners should pay attention to is that each time they refuel, do not add too much fuel. Remember to add slowly when it is almost full. Adding too much fuel can cause gasoline vapor to enter the pipes in the carbon canister system. These liquid fuels entering the carbon canister not only pose a hazard to the carbon canister itself but also will flow along the pipes into the intake manifold, causing the spark plug to be "drowned" and resulting in serious consequences such as the car stalling during refueling and being unable to start after stalling. And if the fuel is added too quickly, if the expanded vapor and the gas pushed out by the gasoline cannot be released in time, it will cause choking of the fuel.
The most obvious phenomenon when the carbon canister is broken is that there is a smell of gasoline inside the vehicle or around the vehicle. This is caused by the leakage of fuel vapor. Gasoline smell: After the carbon canister is damaged and cannot effectively adsorb the gasoline vapor, the vapor will leak into the vehicle or the environment, causing a strong odor. Engine performance decline: It may cause poor acceleration, unstable idle speed or difficulty in starting. Fuel consumption increase: Due to abnormal fuel system pressure or reduced combustion efficiency, fuel consumption may increase.
The fault indicator light comes on: For some models, the dashboard warning lights (such as the gasoline tank icon) will illuminate.
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